Osteoarthritis of the knee joint: What are these stages, symptoms and myths about treatment?

The osteoarthritis of the knee articulation is a complex disease of a degenerative-diaphophical nature, which affects the section of the bone cherry knee.The disease often affects the knee department of the lower extremities.Pathological changes in cartilage and peri-human areas, which in most cases develop in the context of injuries, the biological aging of the body, a rape of an autoimmune nature, seriously inhibit the musculoskeletal potential of the legs.The Board becomes rigid, loses stability, normal motor skills and depreciation.As a result, it gradually deforms, and in the last stages it fails completely.

Degeneration in joint tissues manifests not only in the form of physical dysfunction of the lower extremities, but also with strong painful sensations in them.In a severe course, pathology causes disability, in some cases: leg paralysis.In relation to such a disappointing forecast, it is important to identify as soon as possible and immediately start treating it.

Important about the disease

It is important that patients familiarize themselves with the material to master information in complete information about the emergency mechanism and clinical manifestations of the pathology.We immediately observe that osteoarthritis and arthritis are closely interconnected, since the disease under consideration is a consequence of an arthritic disease.But where do poorly fatized ailments come from, which destroy the most important bone connection without mercy?What is the severity of gonarrosis and why can it be recognized?

The causes of osteoarthritis

Degenerative-Dispophic Pathogenesis "Launch" The following factors-provocator:

• The time suffered injuries: fractures from the bottom of the leg, dislocations of the knee, damage to the meniscus, tears and ligament ruptures, fall on the knees, all kinds of bruises;
• Excessive physical activity;
• sedentary lifestyle;
• High body weight index;
• Systemic pathologies for rheumatoid, Gouty, psoriatic type, systemic lupus erythematosus;
• genetically hereditary weakness of the ligament system or congenital underdevelopment of structural elements of the joint;
• metabolic disorders and blood flow;
• hormonal insufficiency, diabetes and other endocrine pathologies;
• Infectious and inflammatory ailments transferred or chronic.

Very often, people themselves become the culprits of the fact that a jointly joint disease develops.Often, having received injuries, they ignore the appeal to a specialist, preferring to make the first pain preparation, lotions made in the home and the like.And a few years later, due to inappropriate treatment in the past, they come to see a doctor with gonarrosis, in the best of cases, moderate.And here, physical prevention and analgesic ointments, as in the early course, cannot do it, often has to act radically, using surgical tactics.

Stages of destruction

In orthopedics, this disease is divided into the stage, of which the specialist is rejected in the future when compiling a treatment regime.The degree, nature, location, the nature of the origin of the destruction of the bone compound in the knee is revealed through a series of diagnostic measures, such as radiography, magnetic resonance, TC, ultrasound, different types of blood and urine analysis.

There can be no matter of qualitative treatment without detailed information, both on the condition of the knee joint and about the characteristics of the patient's body, as well as a visit to the doctor and the reception of adequate therapeutic recommendations of it.Therefore, wanting to improve the quality of life, do not ignore a visit to an experienced specialist, only that he can tell him if it is possible to see with qualified conservative help or, however, with his problem, only the surgical intervention will be effective.

The pathology has several stages of development, according to Kellgren's classification, there are only four of them.All of them characterize the severity of morphological changes (the presence of osteophytes, a decrease in the volume of joint cartilage and its degree of thinning, narrowing of the joint space, etc.) and clinical signs (limited flexion/extension, the indicator of disorder, the nature and intensity of pain, etc.). 

• First stage osteoarthritis - This is a disease that is only born.External symptoms are mild or absent, congruence and joint forms are satisfactory.In X -ray images or photos of magnetic resonance, small regional osteophytes are traced along the edges of the articular surfaces, in the problematic department, slow subchondral osteosclerosis and slow -bones cysts.The joint space is usually normal or changed, but not significant.
• In case of ailment second gradeIn addition to the previous indicators, The osteocosclerotic approach is more pronounced, the narrowing of the intermudflow gap is clearly visible.The patient begins to disturb with more force and more often the pain at the time of walking, descending/climbing the stairs, for a long time, sometimes at night.The combination is developed, the joint movements are acquired in inferiority, especially when they bend.
• The third stage It is characterized by a strong progression of irreversible degeneration and deformation.The joint configuration is significantly distorted, the distance between the joint surfaces is significantly reduced, bone growth in the form of larger sizes peaks.The pain is prolonged and pronounced, and a person even worries at rest, the limp is aggravated.The dependency of support devices and external aid appears. 
• The fourth stageDegenerative-disabled pathogenesis, when there are bulky osteophytic growths, hyaline cartilage is completely destroyed, the articular gap disappears or barely traces, the epiphyses of the joint bones that form joints are deformed in the strongest way.The knee joint is recognized as a completely non -viable body of the musculoskeletal system, a person is disabled. 

Symptoms and complaints

The severity of clinical manifestations depends not only on pathomorphological characteristics, but also on the factor of individuality.In any case, there is unpleasant in gonarrosis, it is very difficult to transfer it to the second and 3-4 tablespoons.The general list of symptoms includes:

• Pain syndrome, mainly mechanical type (stupid, painful, acute, sudden, newspaper and permanent);
• the appearance of crispy during movements;
• stiffness of the joint;
• restriction of the amplitude of movements;
• muscle weakness of the limb;
• skin hyperthermia and swelling in the knee area;
• a change in the march, manifested limbing and pumping the legs;
• instability or "drawer" syndrome;
• The "interference" of the knee that occurs with a sudden blockade of bone connection movements.

Important! The conservative treatment of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint will not help if the disease has a complicated course, which can already occur in the worst case in the second stage of development of cold bone degeneration.Unlike traditional conservative therapy and alternative techniques, all, without exception, the operation with severe gonarosis of the 2-3-4 grados, the only way in which during a long period of life helps significantly improve the quality of life.

Conservative treatment

Non -surgical treatment methods are advisable in the initial phase of deforming osteoarthritis.The principle of non -surgical treatment suggests:

• systematic execution of exercise therapy, developed by a professional individually;
• Performing physiotherapy procedures;
• the use of analgesics in the form of ointments, tablets, injections, etc.;
• adequate nutrition and after a special diet prescribed by a doctor;
• Compliance with a special regime of daily physical activity;
• a complete rejection of bad habits;
• unquestionable step of re -diagnosis control;
• An annual visit to a specialized medical institution of sanatorium springs.

Operation for the osteoarthritis of the knee joint

Now we will familiarize ourselves with the surgical methods in which the need arises more frequently, since in the initial stage the pathology often remains unnoticed.Basically, it is already necessary to deal with osteoarthritis in the complete "apogee", which largely covered joint structures and affected periarticular matter.

• Endoprotetics - Help in more than 95 % of cases to completely restore the lost locomotor and the support functions of the lower limb knee.The operation is not easy, after it continues to complex rehabilitation, but the effect is worth it.Approximately 3 months after the installation of an artificial analogue, instead of a native joint, which has undergone irreversible pathological changes, a complete amplitude of leg movements is returned, and pain syndrome is completely eliminated.
• Arthrodesis - The unexplored procedure on the "closure" of the joints, due to their aggressive effect on biological structures, but sometimes has a place to be, for example, if a person does not have the opportunity to undergo implementation.Its essence is to eliminate articular surfaces and the motionless connection of joint bones with special fixing devices in a favorable position.Over time, the natural fusion of the listed elements occurs.Artificial anylosis completely blocks the mobility of the joint, but allows it to achieve a good limb disorder and pain reduction.
• Knee osteotomy - It is also used in extreme situations, for the same reason as arthrodesis, in particular, when it is necessary to delay endoprothetic for several years.At the time of the operational session, the specialist performs an artificial fracture, firing bones and placing them at a more correct angle, to profitably distribute the load in the cartilage elements.  

Irreversible pathogenesis cannot be corrected by physical exercises, you must understand this.The ointments and even the drugs of a series of condoprotectors, not to mention the grandmother's advice to be treated with gelatin, will not play a special role.The maximum that can help in the neglect state of things is to prepare the bone-mizclar device for the next operation.

Modern knee implants can resist ordinary daily charges, while working perfectly for at least 15 years, and often 20-25 years.A person can even participate in some sports with a replaced joint.

3 degree treatment

In 3 stages of osteoarthritis, surgery is performed.The changes in the joint are severely pronounced, in this phase the disease extremely reduces the standard of living and patient performance.Croscado damn in the bone has reached the critical point in which the tissues of the bone compound do not represent any functional importance.The hyaline cover is almost completely destroyed. 

• An important cartilage does not restore itself, even through non -surgical methods.
• The naked and flattened surfaces of the ends of the bone that interact exert an anti -natural pressure with each other, they constantly rub between them, seriously injuring the nearby soft tissues and further deforming more every day.
• A person feels a terrible pain, not to mention the lost skills to walk normally.Patients experience daily flour, when sleep is not a joy, and during the day it does not rest on pain.Only a unit of people notice a relatively tolerable state.
• Anti -inflammatory analgesic medications, as a rule, have a mild effect, but do not "work" more frequently.It makes no sense in condoprotectors, since the strengthening and fuel of the meager remains of the cartilage does not save the situation.

The consequences of 2-3 gradrosal osteoarthritis are sometimes trying to deal with minimally invasive surgery (arthroscopy), in which it is possible to eliminate marginal osteophytes, in addition to extracting the fragments of the rolled bone from the joint cavity.These manipulations, as reviews testify, slightly relieve the patient's condition, slightly improve the function of the engine, but temporarily.Osteoarthrosis in the knee joint remains active, and in the near future it will manifest again. 

The pathogenesis of 3-4 degrees is a very serious problem, which is really possible to solve much more complex reconstructive and plastic surgical tactics.To date, there is no such procedure that can be compared with endoprothetic.Replacing the knee joint with a prosthesis, completely repeating the mechanical characteristics, the configuration of the form and sizes of the natural organ, will make possible goodbye both the badly fatized pathology and the disability, which "granted it."

The disease progresses rapidly and can obtain from a moderately average phase to 4 degrees in a matter of months.Surgery must be maintained as soon as possible, until degenerative processes penetrate deeply into the bone.Highly damaged bones can cause difficulties with the production of endoprosthesis.

Many, who do not realize that the severity of the degeneration that has occurred is not comparable to conservative and non -traditional tactics, they try to turn the operation with all forms, swallowing tablets with stabs, applying ointments in the painful area.Someone uses osteopaths, private doctors who practice all kinds of alternative methods.Unfortunately, you will not go against nature, healing will not come after them, and this fact must be reconciled.Therefore, pull the meaningless companies, act prudence.

Your physical viability depends completely on your solution!It can continue to suffer from rigidity and pain, in vain "empty" treatment tests of treatment: medications and non -standard products that have no evidence based on their severity of the disease.And it can undergo surgical treatment and start living a full life, getting rid of suffering and past support devices.

It is not necessary to worry about surgery, modern technologies have advanced a lot, and today abroad changes brilliantly the knee joints with durable implants.After this implementation implemented in a good clinic, the risk of complications is minimal (1-2 %), and the restoration of mobility functions occurs in more than 95 % of cases.After replacing the joint, the rehabilitation course will continue from 3 to 4 months, which provides:

• physical recovery through special therapeutic exercises;
• take medications (antibiotics, antithrombotic medications, etc.);
• The physiotherapy program, including myestimulation, anti -inflammatory, analgesic and wound healing procedures;
• Massage sessions (in the later stages of rehabilitation).

It is useful to know! In 1 grade, the ailment can be stopped and prevented conservatively.If you do nothing and knee osteoarthritis begins, allowing you to cross 1 to 2 degrees, medication treatment will be much more problematic, but a non -surgical approach remains appropriate for a certain category of patients.The last two stages are always an operation.

2 degrees treatment

With medium seriously gonarosis, the quality of life is already spoiling a lot.The sore knee is more upset, painful syndrome manifests more often and more intense than at the beginning of the disease.The pain is especially pronounced immediately after the morning awakening, while getting up and descended on the stairs.There is often an unpleasant feeling of numbness, which appears after a prolonged walk and for a long time in a position.Flexion in the knee region is reduced, the patient cannot bend the leg, as required by physiology.A person begins to save his limb, trying not to step on it, so gradual muscular atrophy.

We focus on that treatment without fail implies an integrated approach.

• If the doctor does not see the urgent need for surgery, a reduction in the load in the problematic department is mainly prescribed.In the presence of excess weight, to guarantee a good discharge of those affected by osteoarthritis, it is necessary to adjust the body weight, attached to the diet that the doctor recommends.
• All patients are prescribed the use of special orthopedic devices at the time of movement.This, depending on the existing problem, can be knee arrangements, compression linen, elastic bandages, cane, crutches, walkers.
• In addition, an orthopedic traumatologist will prescribe a kind of set of exercises, which will help strengthen and increase the resistance of the affected limb muscles.
• In addition, osteoarthritis in moderately medium manifestation implies the use of medicines, which include substances present in the knee cartilage tissues.These include compounds based on chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid injections, drugs with glucosamine.They cannot restore the cartilage, but saturate it with nutrient components, so that the remission of the disease can be achieved.
• Physiing procedures are also recommended, however, they are used only after all signs of inflammation disappear.Physical sessions, for example, with a laser, magnet or ultrasound, must be maintained inside the medical installation.Thanks to physiotherapy, nutrition and metabolism in bone, muscles and cartilaginous tissues improve.If you bought an acoustic vibro device for domestic use, first find out the specialist about the possibility of use in its diagnosis and the characteristics of the device operation.

We examine the basic principles in which the official treatment of osteoarthritis is based on orthopedic standards.Since many people with osteoarthritis 2 tablespoons.They are very interested in alternative methods, looking for their salvation in them, we offer to familiarize ourselves with their most popular.And we discover if they are as unique as they present them on the Internet.

Stem cells for knee treatment

We will talk about the Miezinhamal stem cell autotransplant to a patient with knee gonarrosis taken from the pelvic or femoral bone comb.Cell therapy, according to interested sources, will almost achieve the car -harmony of the entire articulation by activating the regenerative autoalteum processes in the damaged segment.Thanks to this technology, it is theoretically to achieve an improvement in the components of the units of the bone organ.However, in practice, there is not a single "living" radiographic evidence that confirms that after the introduction of stem cells in the affected place, the joint became healthy.

The positive effect of stem cells on joints and bones has not been demonstrated in great doubt, since this technique has not yet been recognized in orthopedics.Scientists only study and experience them.In addition, there is information on the insecure effect of stem cells on the human body, which, according to highly complete experts, can cause oncology.What about the people who paid for the procedure, while they were satisfied with the result?Here we can only say one thing: many patients will believe for that type of money and in eternal life, but the placebo effect does not work much, do not forget it either.

Mud treatment

The therapeutic sources of mud that contain unique components (magnesium, chromium, iodine, bromine, calcium nitrate, etc.) contribute to reducing painful symptoms, increasing blood flow to painful areas, stimulation of metabolism.They are of the greatest value for people with a slight stage of disease or patients who have already undergone a leg operation.It is allowed to carry out mud therapy to 2 degrees, if the doctor believes that the natural remedy in combination with the main treatment program will reduce the aggression of pathological phenomena (stop progression) and improve the general clinical image.Mudley is practiced in special medical institutions of the complex and recreational type.The natural curative mud on the basis of the peloid is used in the form of applications and in combination with the galvanization method (electrophoresis).

Using gelatin

Natural jelly is a safe tool that allows you to maintain joint structures in good condition.It is recommended to consume a jelly -shaped substrate diluted in water.According to the reviews of some doctors, the gelatin is so fast and more productive to affect the elements of bone, cartilage and musculosity.Experts emphasize that this method has no healing properties, it only promotes the prevention of osteoarthritis.Consequently, with the pathogenesis already consistent, gelatinencia, in case of lack of pathology or in the early stages, can be considered exclusively as a measure of prevention of the appearance or progression of degenerative-distributed changes.When the disease is medium and serious, this approach will not be done for preventive purposes.

Ayurveda for the joints

Modern non -traditional medicine is known for many extraordinary trends, including the ayurveda treatment of various parts of the musculoskeletal system.According to this unofficial course, the damage to the joint is associated with the excess of accumulated toxins in the body due to energy disharmony.The harmful mechanism of deteriorated energy balance (cotton) is the weakening mainly of Agni, or digestive fire, which led to the accumulation of unhappy food waste (AMA) in the intestine.They release toxins that blood transport to the joint, where harmful substances settled and inhibit metabolism processes.

According to Ayurveda, osteoarthritis is classified into several types, and for each type, its own treatment system has been invented, the basis of each of them is the diet, the grass to things, taking Ayurvedic tablets and powerders, etc.Through the high scientific technologies, can you believe that herbal powders, treatment with thoughts and other Ayurveda tactics will cure irreversible deformations?

Salt compresses

Salt is used to prepare a saturated saline solution used to permeate compresses, which apply to the painful point for several hours.This therapy should not be considered as an independent remedy, and even more as a panacea for gonarrosis.The salt is able to reassure the pain temporarily, save soft tissues of the edema that covers the bone structure without damage to biological structures.But it will not heal the ailment and will not put the patient at the patient's feet!Its action is purely symptomatic.The solution is prepared at a speed of: 100 g of salt are taken per 1 liter of water temperature.

It is worth familiar! Sometimes, salt is used in dry heating, which is placed in a bag, and local knee heating is performed.Sometimes as wet, but hot bandings.Hot procedures are dangerous with purulent inflammatory processes in joint cavity, they will only exacerbate the clinical picture.Therefore, do not use such recipes without being sure that defeat is not accompanied by a similar process.